Polish - English

Beginner to advanced level Polish words, phrases, expressions and sentences with English translations. This deck is mainly aimed at English-speaking people learning Polish but could also be used by Polish speakers learning English. Explanations: All entries are tagged with category (e.g. part of speech) and difficulty level: d1 = beginner level d2 = basic d3 = normal everyday words, sentences... d4 = less common, specialized or advanced words, sentences... If you are a beginner, disable categories d2-d4 before you start (it doesn't make sense, for example, to learn the Polish word for "woodpecker" before you even know how to say "bird"). This can be done by going to the Browser (press B with the deck open). Click on the "Polish - English"-deck on the left side and search for "tag:d2" (put it after the "deck:Polish - English"). Next press Ctrl-A to mark all cards matching this tag and click on "Suspend" (repeat the step for the d3- and d4-difficulties). Once you are done with the d1-category, search for "tag:d2", press Ctrl-A to mark all cards, and click on "Suspend" to unsuspend them. Genders of nouns are marked (n), (f), (m) only if they don't comply with any of the following rules: * Nouns ending in a consonant are masculine (except -ć) * Nouns ending in -e, -ę and -o along wih Latin-derived words ending in -um are neuter * Nouns ending in -a, -i and -ć are female Nouns describing people of a certain sex always are of corresponding grammatical gender regardless of ending, e.g. mężczyzna = male. Some basic noun declensions are sometimes given. For example, for the entry "powód" "Gsg: powodu" means that the Genitive singular form of the word is "powodu". N = nominative, G = genitive, D = dative, A = accusative, I = instrumental, L = locative and V = vocative. Verbs are listed in both their imperfective and perfective forms when applicable, e.g.: znajdować, znaleźć - to find In the above example, the first entry, "znajdować" denotes the imperfective form and "znaleźć" the perfective. Verb categories: vi = imperfective verb (single incomplete actions) vp = perfective verb (single complete actions) vih = imperfective habitual verb (habitual or repeated actions) vf = frequentative verb (habitual or frequent actions, e.g. czytywać, bywać) The "vi"-form is also used for habitual actions when no special habitual form exists. All verbs have conjugations provided (when applicable) for 1st and 2nd person singular, e.g.: chwytać, chwycić - to snatch, to seize, to grab -am -asz, -cę -cisz The above line means that "chwytać" in the 1st person singular is "chwytam", and in the 2nd person singular "chwytasz". "Chwycić" in the 1st person singular is "chwycę" and in the 2nd person singular "chwycisz". Some verbs with irregular or complicated conjugations also have other forms listed. For names of occupations, people of different countries and the like, the first entry denotes the male version and the second entry the female, e.g.: prawnik, prawniczka - lawyer Some words have two or more forms. These are separated by a "/", e.g. czekać, poczekać/zaczekać - to wait The above verb has two perfective forms. Found an error, or have suggestions/comments? Don't hesitate to contact me at: per.eriksson10@gmail.com Thanks go out to Stuart Gourd for his contributions.